GPT
A family is a named generation or product line. Scores below are the sum of its named releases and any documented internal systems in the same line.
Benefit
+4.27
Harm
−0.21
Net Good
4.06
Releases
Leaderboard
Timeline
Events
GPT-5 supplies key steps on Erdős 848, a tree-count inequality, and network identifiability
In a 20 November 2025 OpenAI science-acceleration paper, GPT-5 helped Mehtaab Sawhney and Mark Sellke finish Erdős problem 848, produced a short proof of a conjectured small-subgraph inequality in trees that Bubeck, Sellke, and Yin checked, and pointed to leaf fraction as the statistic that identifies a hidden network parameter.
Ryu and Jang, using GPT-5 Pro, prove point convergence of Nesterov accelerated gradient
In October 2025 UCLA mathematicians Ernest Ryu and Uijeong Jang resolved the long-open question of whether Nesterov’s 1983 accelerated gradient method converges in iterates, in a collaboration they describe as heavily assisted by GPT-5 Pro. The human authors wrote and checked the final proof.
Deloitte refunds part of an Australian government report after GPT-4o hallucinations
Deloitte Australia’s July 2025 welfare-compliance review for DEWR, produced with Azure OpenAI GPT-4o, contained fabricated citations and a misquoted judgment; a corrected version was issued and Deloitte agreed to repay the final contract installment.
ChemCrow uses GPT-4 plus tools to execute organic-chemistry tasks
EPFL and collaborators published ChemCrow in Nature Machine Intelligence on 8 May 2024, an agent that used GPT-4 and 18 chemistry tools to plan syntheses including an insect repellent and organocatalysts.
Coscientist uses GPT-4 to plan and run robotic chemistry experiments
Carnegie Mellon researchers showed a GPT-4-driven agent, Coscientist, that searched literature, wrote robot code, and optimized palladium-catalyzed couplings, published in Nature on 20 December 2023.
Lawyers sanctioned after ChatGPT fabricates cases in Mata v. Avianca
On 22 June 2023 the S.D.N.Y. sanctioned attorneys $5,000 for submitting nonexistent opinions generated by ChatGPT in Roberto Mata’s personal-injury suit against Avianca.
ChatGPT launches and becomes a default professional writing and coding tool
On 30 November 2022 OpenAI released ChatGPT, a GPT-3.5 conversational product, as a free research preview. Within months it was in daily use for software, documentation, and knowledge work, creating the interface that later coding agents still copy.